In this article, we will discuss the singularity that led to this big bang. We are discussing three types of singularities here. Big bang Singularity, Black Hole singularity, and the third one is a new idea of mine. It is just opposite to the big bang singularity. I call it Space-time singularity. It is created at the center of the universe. So I can say that the expanding universe is going to another big bang, that may happen at any time. Let us see how it was formed. What is a singularity, that is our first question in this chapter? Singularity is a condition in which the absorbed matter is concentrated at the lowest volume (space). In physics, we can see two singularities. One is called Big Bang Singularity and the other is Black Hole Singularity. We can try to learn more about Singularity. Imagine we are traveling on a very busy bus. There will be very little space inside the bus. On that journey, we will not be able to move as we wish. If a few more people get on the bus again, what will your situation be? In a singularity, the situation is even worse. The particles are so close together that they cannot even express their basic properties. They even lose their identity. Now if we take an atom, we know that there is a lot of space inside it. Almost 99.5% of an atom is filled with space. But when the same atom enters a singularity, its condition becomes another. It is very Squeezed, and the space in it is gone. What happens here to the space that once existed within an atom? A situation where electrons, protons, and neutrons become together. The atom lost all of its fundamental characters, such as Strong Interaction, Electromagnetic interaction, and Weak Nuclear interaction, and showed only the gravitational interaction. Since neutrons and protons combine with each other under the effect of singularity, there is no need for a force to bind them. So the strong interaction is unwanted there. Since the electrons are also becoming a part of the singularity, the other two fundamental forces are irrelevant too. What is happening to all these fundamental interactions? We have two situations before us. These basic forces can probably become part of the energy of singularity. The next possibility is that they may remain in singularity as a unifying force along with gravity. In any case, as far as our present understanding is concerned, there is only gravity in black hole singularity. But in the event of a gravitational collapse, there is a massive energy and space dissipation, so the four forces are more likely to combine into a single force. However, an atom inside the singularity is itself gone. For that atom, the time has ended. Or a start to another situation. So is the end of time, or does it continue in a different state? As part of the singularity, when the atom remains in a new state, there is a new time begins for that atom.
Big Bang Singularity is not like a Black Hole Singularity. There were no atoms or other particles at the time of the Big Bang unity. All of these things were created after the Big Bang. It can only be said that there was energy and unified gravity as its property. The black hole singularity is caused by the collapse of gravity, which results in the end of the life of stars four or five times larger than the Sun. When the heavier stars are in their final stages, at the end of energy production with nuclear fusion, the effect of its gravity shrinks itself and becomes a black hole. What is meant by shrink itself? We can think of this in two ways. When there is only energy left in a black hole, the space inside must be expelled. When one atom enters a black hole, the electrons inside it combine with the particles in the nucleus and expel the space between them. Here is the next question. What happens to the space that is thus ejected. It should be added to the curved space-time of the black hole. Then the amount of curved space under the control of the black hole will not increase? Does it not affect its gravitational field? Thus I describe the evolution of the universe as part of the product of the interactions between space and energy. The second situation is to try to shrink space together with energy. The possibilities for that are very rare. Let’s try to understand more about it also. Anyway, gravity increases when it decreases the size. Becoming smaller its boundaries are closer to the center. And hence the gravity on its surface also increases. Small by itself, with its gravity, a black hole can control even light. We will see more about Gravity in later chapters.
Here I see these as part of the energy. Each of these is considered here as form of energy. According to Einstein’s theory, we know that the energy of an object is e=m{c}^{2}. Where E represents energy, m represents mass, and c represents the velocity of light. We know that velocity is ”distance traveled by the time”. Then we can write c in the form of \frac{l}{t}. Here l represents the distance and t for the time. Now let’s see how we can put all these things together on the Planck scale. We can now write this as {\mathcal{e}}_{\rho }={\mathcal{m}}_{\rho }(\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)}^{2} . Where {e }_{\rho } represents energy, {m }_{\rho } represents mass, {\iota }_{\rho } represents the distance, and {t }_{\rho } for the time, at the Planck scale. Here we can see that the value of (\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)} is the same as the value of c.
We have our own measurements and criteria to represent mass, time, and duration. I would like to see all three of them as different forms of energy. Imagine all three of these qualities (mass, time, and length), which we believe to be three different things. They have special criteria in physics, and the three different values accordingly. But inside the energy, as a closed system, they have the same strength as a dimension. All these three are distributed in the same strength, as forms of energy, inside an atom or a particle. Let us treat a particle as a closed system. Where {\iota }_{\rho } and {t }_{\rho } are equal strengths, then (\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)} is 1. So we can say that the strength of c is also 1. In principle, the rest mass of a particle is equal to its energy. Since the strength of c is 1, the strength of {c}^{2} is also 1. Here we are opening a new door. Energy can be located in two conditions. e=m{c}^{2}and e=m{c}. The energy in the first state is familiar to all of us. Everything we see in our visible universe is this state of energy. In this case, the dimensional configuration of the energy will be{L}^{2}M{T}^{-2}. The second (e=m{c}) is a situation where we know nothing. The dimensional configuration of this stage is {L}M{T}^{-1}. In terms of the first condition (\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)}^{2} or {c}^{2} and the second condition (\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)} or c, we can imagine the ratio of the reactions. In the case of (\frac{{\iota }_{\rho }}{{t}{\rho }}{)} , the interaction of energy is very negligible. Energy forms that exist in this state and which are less likely to interact with each other can be called primordial particles. Our universe must have evolved from this state. This may be the universe that preceded Big Bang Singularity. The dark matter which we are looking, may probably the energy particles in this state.
Picture: Strength of fundamental units in energy. In this picture, all three basic dimensions are distributed as the same force within the energy. This is the state of energy that existed at the Big Bang Singularity and before. In the visible universe today, the distribution of these fundamental quantities within energy is in the form of {m }_{\rho }, ({l}_{\rho })^{2}, and ({t}_{\rho })^{2} .